(You may not necessarily be requested to fill in all issue but for your interested fields.)
| Concentration & Location | SO2 average - 0.004?g/m3 in Ulaanbaator city.
Daily average max - 0.031?g/m3 |
| Source | Coal combustion |
| Environmental Standard | Daily average - 0.050?g/m3, Hourly max - 0.500?g/m3 |
b. Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
| Concentration & Location | NO2 average - 0.020?g/m3 , in Ulaanbaator city.
Daily average max - 0.077?g/m3 |
| Source | Coal combustion, automobile exhaust. |
| Environmental Standard | Daily average - 0.040?g/m3, Hourly max - 0.085?g/m3 |
c. Dust Fall:
| Concentration & Location | Big cities & South part of country. |
| Source | Dust storm; human activities. |
| Environmental Standard |
d. Suspended Particulate Materials(SPM):
| Concentration & Location | average - 0.186?g/m3 in Ulaanbaator city.
Daily average max - 2.014?g/m3 |
| Source | Coal combustion, automobile exhaust
& natural resources |
| Environmental Standard | Daily average - 0.150 ?g/m3, Hourly max - 0.500 ?g/m3 |
e. Carbon monooxiide (CO)
| Concentration & Location | CO average - 1.4 ?g/m3 in Ulaanbaator city. |
| Source | Coal combustion, automobile exhaust. |
| Environmental Standard | Daily average - 3.0 ?g/m3, Hourly max - 5.0 ?g/m3 |
f. PAH.
| Concentration & Location | Benzo(a) pyrene: Jan. - March
average - 4.3 ?g/m3 max - 18.5 ?g/m3 in Ulaanbaator city. |
| Source | Coal combustion |
| Environmental Standard | Daily average - 1.0 ?g/m3 |
g. Others (specify):
| Concentration & Location | |
| Source | |
| Environmental Standard |
| Human Health | / Child respiration diseases in urban area are
increased in
winter time. / Lost of Human Health |
| Ecology | / In winter NOx ; CO & PAH concentrations
of urban air are
exceeded Environmental standards. / State of ecosystem in urban area & Bagd Khan Mountain Park area are degraded. |
| Economic Activities |
| Government | /Ministry of Nature & Environment.
/Central laboratory of Environmental Monitoring. |
| Business | |
| Academic | |
| People |
| Feature | Pollutants | Location & Source | Impact on Human & Ecology |
| Increase of
radiation level |
Gross of
activity, gamma(γ) dose rate |
Nuclear weapons
test & nuclear accident in neighbor countries |
When was Chernobyl accident,
gross beta activity in aerosol and fall out samples was increased by 2 - 20 times compare with ordinary level. |
| Possible
transboundary effect of atmospheric emissions |
SO2, NOx,
Acid rain |
Long-range
transport of emission |
Can effect not only the natural
environment but also may have far reaching implications for commercial and cultural activities such as forestry, agriculture etc. |
[However this chapter should be inspected for Annex 1 parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change intensively, information for developing countries must be useful to establish policy to cope with climate change.]
(unit: tonnage/year)
|
GHGs
|
Basic Year
1990 |
Prediction in Business-as-Usual(BaU)
2000 Later(specify:) | |
| CO2(total) | 12,106,000 | ||
| (Industry) | 220,000 | ||
| (Transport) | |||
| (Energy) | 1,230,500 | ||
| (Livelihood) | |||
| CFCs | |||
| CH4 | 329,700 | ||
| N2O | |||
The Mongolian Government perceives that any negative effect what may be experienced from potencial climate change could be equivalent to national disaster.
Several steps have been taken to deal with the environmental and natural resources
issues.
The new Constitution which was adopted in 1992 included provisious that established new institutions such as the --- Ministry of Nature & Environment , developed new environmental legislation, and has sought natural resources assistance from doners,however,extreme financial constraints limit the possibilities for implementation of these laws and regislations as a results of preliminary estimates evaluation of options available to the country to mitigate and adopt to climate change. Possible midigation options in energy sectors more indentified.
But these findings are preliminary and request more detailed analysis.
| Temperature | Historical temperature data(1940-1992) show
that annual
air temperature has actually increased 1.8 ℃ in mountain regions, 1.0℃ in seleuge river basin ( main crop producing avea), and 0.2-0.3℃ in Govi desert & Eastern area of the country. | |
| Precipitation &
Floods |
Historical meteorological data analyzed from
the period 1940-
1990 suggest that climate is gradually becoming dries in arid area of the country. | |
| Drought &
Desertification |
Preliminary studies show in increase in
desertification in western and southwestern regions of
the country. Also in the northern and northeastern regions there are indicatious area of permafrost are decrea agriculture, including crop and livelifood production , water and resources, as well as biodiversity we among the most vulnerable systems | |
| Ecosystem
(aquatic) |
||
| Diseases & Pests | ||
| Others | ||
Development & Environment NGO,
FAX: 976-1-312175 TEL: 976-1-312655
General Secretary of Dr. A. Namkhai
President Dr. Ts. Adya Suren. D&E. NGO, Mongolia
FAX :976-1-321401 TEL : 976-1-320943 or 99114231(habd phone)